Heart Valve Disease

 When you talk about heart disease, we usually think of coronary heart disease, which is the narrowing of the arteries leading to the heart. But, coronary heart disease is just one of the major types of heart disease. Heart disease has different conditions affecting the structures and functions of our precious heart. The sad truth about heart disease is that it is the leading cause of death for both men and women in the U.S. alone.

According to the American Heart Association, around 5 million Americans are diagnosed with valvular heart disease, or heart valve disease, each year. But, what is really a heart valve disease? 

Heart valve disease occurs when your heart does not function the way it should. Our heart has two halves, a left and right, each with two chambers- the atrium and ventricle. Between the chambers are the heart valves that make sure the blood runs only in one direction. There are also other two heart valves positioned between the ventricles and the major arteries, which is the aorta and pulmonary artery, where they have the same function.

The failure in a valve in the left side of your heart, the aortic of the mitral valve, will result in left-sided heart failure. A heart failure is a disorder in which the heart loses it capability to pump blood efficiently throughout your body. This leads to an accumulation of fluids in your lungs, or called pulmonary oedema. Valve disease on the right side of your heart, the pulmonary and tricuspic valve, are uncommon, but can occur as the result of some forms of congenital heart disease or long-term left-side heart failure. The right-sided heart failure is described by fluid accumulation in your body, especially in your legs, abdominal cavity, and liver.

There are two causes of heart valve disease, the narrowed valves and leaking valves. Narrowed valves may be due to congenital abnormality, deterioration through atherosclerosis, damage from rhematic fever, excessive calcification in old age. If the valves become narrow, the flood can’t flow into the next chamber, this is called stenosis.

Leaking valves, on the other hand, may be due to bacterial infection or inflammation of a valve, excessive floppiness of the leaflets, and or enlargement of the heart or aorta, which is the main vessel into which the left ventricle pumps. 

Both narrowed valves and leaking valves can put extra strain to your heart. If the valves are narrowed, your heart has to work harder to get blood through it. If the heat valves leak, your heart hast to work harder to pump the needed amount of blood around your body. The symptoms of heart valve disease may include: breathlessness during exertion, waking up at nigh short of breath, palpitations, angina or chest pain, swelling of your feet or ankles, tiredness, and dizziness or fainting.

Heart valve disease is when a valve in your heart is not functioning properly and this can cause symptoms like breathlessness, swollen ankles and legs, or chest pain. If heart valve disease exacerbate, this can result in permanent heart damage. Medications can treath the symptoms of heart valve disease, but a surgery is needed to repair or replace a malfunctioning valve. 

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