Costa Rica Government

 The Costa Rica government has a democratic republic type of government where the President of Costa Rica is both the head of the government and the state. The executive power is implemented by the government and the legislative power is vested in both the Legislative Assembly and the government. The Judiciary is sovereign of the legislature and executive. Costa Rica government is a republic of powerful system and constitutional checks and balances. The current president of Costa Rica is Oscar Arias Sanchez.

Costa Rica government has long given emphasis to respect of human rights and democracy.  It is perceived as one of the most stable countries in Latin America and has stayed away from the violence that has weighed down Central America.  The country’s political stability is seen as an example in the region and the country is often called the “Switzerland of the Americas”.  

Until lately, the political system of the country has stridently differed with many of its Caribbean and Central American neighbors, steadily developing and maintaining democratic institutions and a systematic constitutional method for government succession.  This has been contributed by several factors including comparative prosperity, open-minded government leaders, flexible class lines, and educational opportunities that have shaped stable middle class and high class gauge.

Since Costa Rica has no armed forces, it has kept away from possibility of political intrusiveness by the military that have been experience by some neighboring countries.  The Costa Rica government have experienced more than a few unusual days of civil disorders and demonstrations in the early 2000 because of objections over legislation that would have permitted private sector to participate in the electric power and telecommunications power divisions. Currently, these sectors are controlled by state-owned domination. Although the legislation was withdrawn the appropriate role of the state in the stipulation of public service remains sensitive. 

The leading political parties of Costa Rica are the social democratic Partido Liberacion Nacional (PLN), populist and reformist Partido Accion Ciudadana (PAC), libertarian Partido Movimiento Libertario (ML), and the Christian democratic Partido Unidad Social Cristiana (PUSC).

The president is vested executive responsibilities and there are also two vice-presidents, fifteen cabinet members that include one of the vice presidents.  The president and fifty-seven Legislative Assembly deputies are voted for a four-year term.  A constitutional amendment of the Costa Rica government limits only one term for presidents and deputies, however a deputy may run again for an Assembly sear after sitting out a term.

The president also appoints governors that head the country’s several provinces but they implement little power.  Provincial legislatures do not exist in Costa Rica government, and independent state agencies enjoy substantial operational independence.  Some of these agencies include telecommunications and electrical power monopoly, state insurance monopoly, nationalized commercial banks, and the social security agency.  There are no military in Costa Rica but it maintains domestic Police and armed National Guard Forces to secure its interests.

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